Haztat Usman Bin Affan (R.A)

 Haztat Usman Bin Affan (R.A)

Hazrat Usman bin Affan (579-656 AD) Sahabi Third Caliph Rashid.  Born in 576.  The famous branch of the Quraysh belonged to the Banu Amiya.  The full name was Usman bin Affan bin Umayya bin Abdul Shams bin Abdul Manaf.  The father's name was Affan and the mother's name was Arvi.  Najib al-Tarfeen was a Qureshi.  Learned to read and write in the age of ignorance.  In the early days of Islam, he converted to Islam at the hands of Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiq.  

In his youth he became a trader and became prosperous.  He was known as Ghani because of his perseverance.  He was the fourth man to convert to Islam.  The first marriage took place with his daughter Raqiyah.  When the disbelievers of Makkah became more oppressive, they migrated to Abyssinia.  Later he migrated to Madinah.  After the death of Hazrat Raqia,  married his second daughter Hazrat Umm-e-kalsoom of Holy prophet (PBUH).  Due to this he got the title of Zu-Noorin.  

Hazar Usman Ghani(R.A) was a wealthy businessman.  He spent his wealth relentlessly for the promotion of Islam and the administration of Islam. Before the peace treaty, he became the ambassador of the Muslims.  When the false rumor of his martyrdom was spread, the Muslims gave the name of  Bait ur Rizwan to the Holy Prophet.  Hazrat Usman remained a scribe during the Prophet's time.  Later, the first two Rightly Guided Caliphs, Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique and Hazrat Umar, were his advisors.  However, after Hazrat Omar in 644, six members of the Majlis-e-Shura appointed him caliph. 

During his twelve years of caliphate, the borders of islamic state activity spread all over.  Among the famous rulers of the second period were Abdullah bin Amir , Abdullah bin Saad, Hazrat Mavia, Saad bin Al-Aas and Waleed bin Utba.  Graves and roads were prominent among the excavations carried out during this period.

 In addition, Muslim forces achieved several victories in Sindh, Asia, the Czech Republic and Egypt.  Hazrat Umar o bin al-'As beat the Romans in Egypt.  Abdullah bin Saad won victories in Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria.  Saad ibn al-'As ruled Khurasan and Jirjan, while Abdullah bin Amir's bill restrained Islam in Swat, Meshapur and Dostan.  A special aspect of the immediate successes achieved during the usmani period was that the Islamic navy under the leadership of Hazrat Amir Muawiyah has achieved many successes in Mediterranean sea.  Hazrat Usman expanded the Masjid Nabavi in ​​29 AH, which increased its length to 160 yards and its width to 150 yards.  

Hazrat Usman gathered the world of Islam on one author and one recitation.  For this purpose, Umm Al-Mumineen should make seven copies of the Holy Mushaf with Hazrat Hafsa.  And one of them was preserved in Madinah, Makkah, Syria, Yemen, Basra, Kufa and Bahrain.  In the latter part of his reign, internal conspiracies flourished.  Abdullah bin Saba played an important role in creating suspicion between the Bani Hashim and the Umayyads.  

Numerous conspirators from Kufa, Basra and Egypt reached Madinah at the end of 35 AH in the guise of pilgrims and laid siege to the house of Hazrat Usman.  After a siege of 22 days, he entered the house on May 20, 656 and martyred the caliph.  At that time he was reciting the Holy Quran.  He was buried in the eastern part of Janat al-Baqi cemetery in Hash Kokab. 146 hadiths have been narrated from him. The reforms and religious services performed during the reign of Hazrat Usman will be implemented as follows.  

*The area expanded in Mosque Nabvi was 150x160 square yards. 

*Copies of the Holy Quran were copied and preserved in important   cities, which brought the nation together on one recitation.

*Financial assistance was provided for the construction of Masjid       Quba.

*Paid a thousand dirhams and bought a well in Medina, which was   dedicated to the Muslims. 

*The first regular naval fleet was formed, which conquered parts of      Cyprus and Rousseau in the Roman Empire.