Abu Rehan AL-Beruni
(3 Dh. 362 AH 4 September 973 - Rajab 440 AH 11 September 1048 AH)
Muhammad bin Ahmad Al-Khwarizmi Al-Biruni. A great Muslim scientist. Mathematician, history, linguistics, mathematics and astronomy. Born outside the town of Geneva (Khwarazm) in the Central Asian state. At that time, there was the rule of the All Iraq family. Abu Nasr Mansur bin Ali, the cousin of Shah Khawarizm Ahmad bin mohammad, took Al-Biruni in his shadow and educated him. Shortly afterwards, when the Iraqi government was overthrown, Liberini emigrated to the court of Qaboos bin Washmgir, the ruler of Jurjan. In 995, Al-Biruni reached Jurjan and received acceptance. It was here that he wrote the same rational work, Asar al-Baqia, in the year 1000, and named it after Qaboos. When the situation in Khwarizm improved, Al beruni moved there and started living in the court of Ali bin Mamoun. He met Bu ali Sina. Both were great intellectuals of their time. After the death of Ali bin Mamoun, both of them remained associated with the court of his brother Abul Abbas Mamoun, who ascended the throne of Khwarizm in 1009. Also included in his empire.
Bu'ali Sina and other scholars emigrated from there, but al-Biruni became associated with Mahmud Ghaznavi's court. In 1017, Alberoni came to Ghazni. The following year he set up an observatory here and after spending two studies in India. In the same evening, Maud Ghaznavi could not make India. Al-Biruni spent most of his time here. Famous Hindu scholars and Pandits of India were gathered here. Al-Biruni studied with him the ancient sciences and the Sanskrit language as well as the ancient civilization and culture. This was the time when it was considered possible for Hindus to acquire knowledge, but Hindus were so fond of Al-Biruni that they started calling it Vidyasagar (Sea of Knowledge). Al-Biruni translated his religious book, the Bhagwat Gita, into Arabic. After that he wrote a book on indian culture "Kitab-ul-hind"
Al-Biruni was a physician. Therefore, he was not unaware of the observations of the body during this time. He did the work of finding the height of the star in the cities of Punjab, Lahore, Jhelum, Sialkot, Multan and Peshawar. Most of these cities were settled in Multan and Jhelum. In Jhelum, District village belonged to Dadan Khan. Sitting at a table of Nandna, he measured the circumference and diameter of the land which was perfectly fine. Al-Biruni returned from India in 1929 and died the following year. After that, his son Masood Ghaznavi ascended the throne and became associated with him. In his court he wrote a book on astronomy and astrology and named it Masood's Law after Masood. He was deposed in 1940 and his son Maudood ascended the throne. Al-Biruni has also been associated with his court. He wrote a magazine on jewelry. After living here for eight years, popular son passed away. Historian Shahzori writes that Al-Biruni used to write a lot. His hand would leave the pen to the eye and the heart to the mind only at meal times. Writings are more than a camel's load. The historian Yaqut writes that he saw a list of Al-Biruni's books in the Waqf Jamia Maro which was sixty pages long.
In Al-Biruni's writings "Asar ul Baqia" is a critical book on historical. religious and scientific issue. Its Arabic text was published in 1878 from Lepzig(Germany) and the English translation was published under the auspices of Anjuman-e-Tarqi Urdu-Hind. Some of its texts have been translated into European languages. Other important works include
*Tarikh-e-Khwarizm
*Tarikh-e-Mahmud Ghaznavi
*Kitab-e-tehfeem
* Kitab-e-Said-e-Na
*Fi-tib
*Kitab-e-Jamahir wal-Jawahar and Kitab-e-Dastur.
Nizami also calculated the rotation of the Sun's orbital planets by their own noise power and the reasons for the resulting geographical changes. He was also an expert in the science of Jafar and palmistry. He used to tell Ghaznavi about the events of the future. He had discovered many problems in unit of arithmetic, rules of bad proportions, method of extracting roots and determining the direction of qibla and many geometric problems. He drew 24799 miles of land, which is only 78 miles by modern measurement. He was the first to start the science of earth division. He was also the inventor o calculus. a branch of mathematics. In physics he studied the properties of liquids and explained why water flows in a fountain and why the surface is smooth. He also studied the gems, the different layers of the earth and the types of rocks and minerals. and calculated the age of the earth. In history and religion. al-biruni was not convinced to walk blindfolded.
A PHOTO FROM TEHRAN EAST
Everything was put to the test of reason. Smith of his caste literature and science. On the one hand, the reader was fluent in Arabic, Sanskrit, yoonani, hryani and Abrani and on the other hand, he was familiar with complex mathematical problems. He studied every religion in his holy book and directly in his language. An interesting aspect of his personality was that he never took part in politics in his long life. Istighna was so much that he considered it an insult to take more than necessary for his academic pursuits and this was the reason for his virtue. An international conference in memory of Al-Biruni was held in Pakistan from November 26 to December 12, 1973, in which tribute was paid to this great intellectual. He also issued a commemorative stamp on the occasion.
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